Uncovering the Factors that Influence Student Decisions Behind Retention and Attrition within their Academic Program

Abstract

This study explores the factors influencing students’ decisions to either remain in or leave their academic programs in a private higher education institution in Caloocan City. Employing a descriptive phenomenological research design, the study examined the lived experiences of 15 students, encompassing both undergraduate and graduate levels, through in-depth interviews and field text analysis. Using Colaizzi’s seven-step method, four primary themes emerged: Supportive Environment, Student Synergy, Scholarly Strength, and Silent Struggles. Findings reveal that a supportive environment, characterized by faculty and administrative care, significantly enhances students’ sense of belonging and satisfaction. Positive peer relationships foster collaboration and mutual support, while high-quality instruction strengthens academic engagement. However, silent struggles, including financial constraints and personal challenges, were identified as barriers to persistence. The study underscores the critical need for holistic institutional strategies that address both academic and non-academic factors influencing retention. Recommendations include fostering a culture of care, enhancing mental health and financial support services, and continuously improving teaching quality. These insights aim to guide administrators and policymakers in developing interventions to mitigate attrition and promote long-term student success.